New Pages Added to The Art Story

Controversial, empowering, and hugely influential to the present day, abstraction allowed artists to explore new ways of expressing themselves.

Hosmer was one of the leading American sculptors working in the Neoclassical style.

A master of Italian Mannerist sculpture, Giambologna is most loved for his dynamic marble portraits, and exquisite bronze statuettes.

Manuel Felguérez was the first and important Mexican artist to broach the possibilities of geometric and gestural abstraction.

Hannah Ryggen producing modernist textile murals that told stories of love, life, war, death, and hope in a potent visual language.

The intensity of Caravaggio's dramaticly lit paintings was matched only by his tempestuous lifestyle.

Jean-René, better known simply as JR, is a master of contemporary graffiti and street art.

In a burst of youthful creativity, Rimbaud formulated a radical and influential approach to writing poetry. His life and art would inspire artists for generations.

Inspired artists used global connectivity, real-time information sharing, and a visual interface of the Internet to make original creative endeavors.

Possibly the greatest Renaissance architect, Bramante represented the symmetrical ideal in his structures that many generations replicated.

John Brewster, Jr. was a major portraitist in colonial America. He developed a personal Folk art style that went on to influence other painters.

Karel Appel was a major post-war painter who looked to the art produced by children, mental patients, and Folk artists for inspiration.

An innovative and socially conscious architect and designer, Arthur Heygate Mackmurdo brought great fluidity and asymmetry into his designs.

Rem Koolhaas is a globally renowned architect known for buildings, projects, and writings that have revolutionized modern architecture.

Opie's art is instantly recognizable for a distinctive pared-down graphic style that reflects his fascination with the ways we interact with the everyday world.

O'Hara was the "poet laureate" and major supporter of the New York Abstract Expressionist movement.

Jack Levine ranks as one of America's most important twentieth century political artists.

Mark Kostabi faceless figures are instantly recognizable and comment on diverse topics including love, modern anxieties, technology, and corporate culture.

Leonardo da Vinci was the first prime exemplar of the Renaissance man, and he created iconic artworks are revered to this day.

Michelangelo was a Renaissance polymath genius who made the iconic Pieta and David sculptures, and the paintings of the Sistine Chapel.

In the digital age, artists grasped progressive technologies for their own creative output including utilizing television, computers, and the internet.

The African-American Color Field painter Ed Clark developed a sophisticated abstract style that was markedly influenced by the painter Nicolas de Stael.

The flâneur, an urban spectator, was character type depicted by a number of artists including the Impressionists.

Baskin produced intense and impassioned figurative prints and book illustrations, along with sculptures.

Arango was one of Colombia's most original and fearless 20th century female painters.

A pioneering Feminist and institutional critique artist, Andrea Fraser strikes at the heart of the art world system.

Wolfgang Paalen was an important member of the Surrealist group, working closely with Andre Breton. Paalen was best known for developing 'fumage,' a technique by which he used smoke and candle soot to create patterns on canvas.

Vertov was one of the most acclaimed of the Soviet filmmakers closely aligned with the Constructivist movement.

Max Pechstein's boldly-colored nudes and landscapes exemplify his leadership in Expressionist art.

Degenerate Art was a term used by the Nazi party to modern art including Expressionism, Fauvism, Dada, Cubism, and Surrealism and well as art that was produced by Jewish artists.

The painter and assemblage artist Lucas Samaras has produced a body of work that is remarkable for its scope and inventiveness.

A pioneering gay filmmaker, Derek Jarman trained as a painter but became known for pushing the boundary of experimental cinema and for his explorations of identity.

Josefa de Óbidos was the most celebrated female Baroque artists in Portugal who is best known as a painter of still lifes and devotional narratives.

Eleanor Antin's prefigures the most important feminist debates of this century and is some of the most arresting and poetic Performance art of the previous.

ORLAN molds her own body via surgeries provoking questions of beauty, self-image, and consent.

Visionary artist Agnes Pelton painted in rich and ethereal Symbolism.

A pioneer artist from early twentieth-century New York, Florine Stettheimer advanced new possibilities in painting for women artists.

British modernist Patrick Caulfield's use of clean lines, and areas of pure color was original and influencial.

Shiraga built his reputation on the back of his involvement with Japan's first avant-garde group, the Gutai Art Association where he establishing himself as a pioneer in "performance painting".

Primarily working in black-and-white, Sally Mann's photographs explore the emotions that are connected to human experience, from girls navigating their way through adolescence to remains and decomposing bodies. Her most famous and provocative series was photographs of her three young children.

From the elaborate garb of royalty to minimalist woven wall hangings, Textile Art has been revered both for its technical expertise and visual appearance.

Emily Carr was a Canadian painter and national heroine, known for putting the wild Western Canadian landscape and its indigenous inhabitants on the global art map.

Jonathan Eastman Johnson's paintings addressed the civil war, the abolition of slavery, and scenes of simple rural life in New England.

The Symbolist painter Evelyn De Morgan engaged with political, social and moral issues of 19th century England including prison reform and women's suffrage.

The French painter Jean-Baptise Greuze was famous for his genre paintings(colorful vignettes), as well as "innocent" portraits of young women.

At a time when Conceptualism and Minimalism were dominating the contemporary art scene, Kossoff emerged from within a group of radical figurative painters known as "The School of London".

Striking and intensely political images, porformances and installtions that make up Coco Fusco's intertwined practice of art and activism.

Rockwell Kent was revered mystical landscape paintings that captured the essence of natural wilderness.

Suprematism was one of the most radical developments in abstract art that was meant to be superior to all prior, and that would lead to art's barest essentials.

Bloom's paintings explored Judaism, Eastern religion, and the occult, while maintaining a consistent thematic and figurative quality.

Rising to fame after being hand-picked by former First Lady Michelle Obama to paint her official portrait, Amy Sherald is today one of the best-known Black American artists.

Louise Moillon was one of the most important early 17th century French still life painters.

Ossorio, a key player in the Abstract Expressionist and Art Brut movements, is also remembered for his assemblages, or what he called, "Congregations".

The Danish artist collective Superflex are product designers, artists, community organizers, and project coordinators, working to critique capitalism and commodification of modern life.

One of the most famous and influential Japanese photographers of the post-war period, Araki's work is technically masterful and culturallly rich.

Bill Brandt was an British photographer and photojournalist known for his high-contrast images of British society and his emboldened nudes.

Constructivism flourished in Russia with an entirely new approach, a technical analysis of modern materials to serve modern society.

Rahon is best known as a poet and painter whose Surrealistic imagery influenced by the pre-historic, the mythological, and the mystical.

The French painter La Fresnaye was a leading member of the Salon Cubists.

Photographer Laura Aguilar provided new possibilities for the depictions of subjects and bodies that had traditionally been excluded from art history.

Ulay's artworks influenced a generation of Performance, Body, and Installation artists and became foundational to an art-world understanding of the power of live performance in a gallery.

Fontana was one of the first professional female artists, working on many prestigious commissions in Bologna and Rome.

The islands of the Aegean Sea once produced a wealth of unique, influential, and mysterious artworks and cultural artefacts.

In many ways, the history of France and its culture are interconnected with the country's achievements in the arts.

The creative and witty Dieter Roth was a Swiss artist famous for his artist books, prints, sculptures, and works made out of found materials.

Pope.L's diverse artworks pushed the limits of his body and challenged audiences to reflect on identity and poverty.

Carsten Höller's interactive artworks break down the divide between art, personal space, and sensory experience.

Carlo Carra was a leading figure of the Futurist movement that flourished in Italy during the beginning of the twentieth century. In addition to his many paintings, he wrote a number of books on art.

Clausell is Mexico's pre-eminent Impressionists focusing on the country's national parks, canals, and seascapes.

Ruysch is the celebrated painter of still lifes and flower pieces to emerge during the Dutch Golden Age.

The histories, themes, and styles of African Art are as diverse as the communities and cultures that traverse the continent.

Artists of color, LGBTQ+ artists, and women have used their art to stage and display experiences of identity and community.

Raymond Duchamp-Villon successfully applyed Cubist principles to sculptural works.

The Renaissance painter Luca Signorelli is most revered for his rendering of figures in action and his unparalleled mastery of the human anatomy.

The Mexican painter and printmaker Rufino Tamayo stayed away from pro-revolution political statements preferring to promote ideas of personal freedom and liberty

Ford Madox Brown was best-known for his paintings of historical and moral subjects. Although he used vivid colors and realism in his works, Brown was not a member of the original Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, but instead a friend and inspiration of many of its members.

Glenn Ligon is one of the most astute observers and commentators on race, sexuality, and history in America.

Cave Art (or Paleolithic Art) is a broad term for the earliest known art-making in human history.

The artist and sculptor Lorenzo Ghiberti is credited with creating one of the greatest masterpieces in Renaissance Italian art, the east doors for the Baptistery in Florence Cathedral.

The American artist Tyree Guyton transformed his devastated Detroit neighborhood into a living art gallery.

After the dominance of Abstract Expressionism a group of artists with disparate styles and approaches pointed the way forward.

As a newspaper reporter, photographer, and social reformer, Riis rattled the conscience of Americans with his descriptions - pictorial and written - of New York's slum conditions.

The most important artist of the Protestant Reformation, Lucas Cranach the Elder court portraiture and woodcuts helped the religion become the major movement within Christianity in sixteenth century Europe.

A founding members of Die Brücke group, Heckel was instrumental in putting Expressionism on the map of twentieth century modernism.

Horst P. Horst was a pioneer of fashion and portrait photography and a key figure in the development of 20th century photography as a whole.

Lawrence Weiner was one of the pioneers of text-as-art. His use of language is notable for its lyricism, its inquisitive engagement with the material world around it, and its playful visual forms.

The architect and sculptor Filippo Brunelleschi was one of the foundational figures of the Italian Renaissance.

The Renessance painter Paolo Uccello pioneered visual perspective and blended a mathematical approach to compositions with more decorative qualities.

Painting in a distinct style known as "Boterismo," Botero depicts his subjects as disproportionately round often infusing them with irony or amplifying a political bend.

An iconic photographer as well as a filmmaker, David Bailey revolutionized fashion photography and portraiture by introducing a new informality to portraiture and street imagery.

Roland Barthes is France's best-known essayist and literary critic and his Post-structuralism (or Deconstructionism) ideas have been wide-reaching and have had a profound impact on how we interpret artworks.

The Mexican painter María Izquierdo brought indigenous motifs into her art and gave them new layers of meanings.

Henry Ossawa Tanner moved to France and became the first African American man to achieve international acclaim as a painter.

The leader of the Ashcan School, the painter Robert Henri pave the way for the development of twentieth-century American Realism.

Bierstadt is one of America's greatest landscape artists who made epic panoramas of the untamed American West that proved immensely popular with the American public.

The sculptor and painter Menashe Kadishman established himself in the movements of Minimalism, Conceptual Art, and Neo-Expressionism before focusing on themes of Jewish heritage and familial sacrifice.

The Iranian mosaic artist Monir Farmanfarmaian - a vibrant, adventurous individual - connected her Persian background with avant-garde postmodernism.

The Painter and Mosaicist Cimabue took the lead role in the transition from the medieval/Byzantine to the modern era of Italian art.

With his torqued figures in suits and dresses caught as if mid-fall, Robert Longo's art unpacked popular imagery for contemporary audiences.

Paul Cadmus was a pioneer of Queer Art who with an incisive, satirical gaze, depicted scenes from modern American life in all of its beautiful and grotesque details.